: How to number the equations in an academic paper? I know that the figures and tables are numbered consecutively throughout the while paper. What about the equation numbering? Suppose I have four

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Consider looking at a similar question here: tex.stackexchange.com/questions/29267/which-equations-should-be-numbered
In general, for technical subjects, number all equations even though you may not have referenced them in the text. It is almost always recommended that you do so, so that other people can refer to it easily and also so that any queries that are asked regarding it, can be directly done. For example, if you have two unnumbered equations and your reader has a question regarding one of them, there is no way for them to do so (they would have to be ambiguous...that equation that appears after this paragraph, which is something most of us would not like to do (and not preferable in an academic setting). So, in general, go ahead and number all of them.

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I believe the standard is to only number equations that are referenced in the text. On the other hand there is no real harm in numbering all of the equations especially when you have so few of them.

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What purpose is served by an equation to which you do not refer in the text? Is it an illustration?

If the equation does not need a number, does the reader need to see it? I would number them all.

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The general rule that I often use is to number all equations that will be referred to in the text. It is then optional to number equations to which there is no reference.

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