: Can I use "We" to refer to me and the reader? I am writing my thesis and in many cases I want to take the reader through an example. For example: Besides the advanced composition rules,

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I always use 'we' in academic writing to avoid the over-personal 'I'. In this context, 'we' stands for 'us, the people that conducted this research and are writing this paper'. There are many examples of this use in published papers, frequently with just one author.

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The answer is going to depend on context, and the consistency of your usage.

The "I" in your example quote clearly refers to you, the author, and does not include the reader.

Replacing "I" with "we" does indicate you are referring to both you and the reader.

However, you have to be cautious, because the context could change. For example, you could reach a point where you need to refer to you and someone else other than the reader, in which case using "we" could confuse the issue.

Personally, if you are addressing the reader, and you want to take the reader through an example, I would consider using "you" directly instead of "we". Remember: the example is for the benefit of the reader, and not yourself. Therefore, use "you" and "I" so that there is no ambiguity.

An example rework of what you've given:

Besides the advanced composition
rules, it is also important to have a
set of basic rules to help in
controlling some of the elements of
the frame. For example, you may want
to have a river across the diagonal of
the frame, yet also want some animals
near the river to be in the top-left
corner of the frame. You can use the
diagonal dominance rule on the river
to assure that it is shown diagonally,
but the other advanced rules cannot be
of any use for placing the animal in
the top-left corner of the frame. For
this, you should implement the
following basic composition rules,
which I found to be enough for most
applications:

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You may want to ask your thesis adviser about this specific case.

"We" can be completely acceptable in formal documentation, e.g. business communication.

"We" can also be acceptable in informal problem solving, e.g. it's frequently used during academic lectures while explaining an example, as I expect you're mirroring in the writing.

Whether "we" is acceptable in a document that is both formal and academic probably depends upon your department and the ultimate destination of the thesis.

(E.g. my undergrad sociology thesis probably would not have cared.)

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I think the answer for this is going to depend on your audience. "I" and "We" are both first person, and the use of first person is usually considered more casual, and not suited for formal writing in many academic fields. But I think this rule is relaxing, and your instructor may or may not want you to follow it. I'd check.

Assuming you're allowed to use first person, my personal preference would be to use "I". "We" is more vague - who are "we", exactly, and why are you speaking for us?

You could also re-write this passage in third person: "For example, the artist may want to have a river across the diagonal of the frame and also to to have some animals near the river in the top-left corner of the frame. The diagonal dominance rule would apply to the river, but the other advanced rules cannot be of any use..."

In this case, I think the example you gave sounds like a personal reflection, while the rewrite sounds more like a statement of universal truths. Which effect are you going for?

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